《植物生理学报》 2021, 57(2): 419-428

五个不同花椒品种抗旱特性比较

王渌¹，张志浩¹，郭建曜²，孔令刚³，刘胜元¹，刘秀梅^1,4,*，王华田¹，孟诗原^1,5，韦业¹

¹山东农业大学, 黄河下游森林培育国家林业局重点实验室, 山东泰山森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 山东 泰安271018；²山东省林木种苗和花卉站, 济南250000；³济南市林业科技推广站, 济南250000；⁴上海市环境学校, 上海200135；⁵广东省广州市林业和园林科学研究院, 广州510405

通信作者：刘秀梅；E-mail: xiaomi8869@163.com

摘　要：

为探究不同花椒(Zanthoxylum bungeanum)品种的抗旱性, 筛选出抗旱性较强的品种, 以三年生5个不同花椒品种作为试材, 于干旱条件下, 通过测定其对花椒地上部分、根系形态特征、叶绿素含量和光合特性的影响, 结合因子分析以及隶属函数法评价, 得出不同花椒品种的抗旱性。结果表明, 相对抗旱性较强的品种, 干旱胁迫前期气孔因素限制光合速率, 后期则为非气孔因素限制; 相对抗旱性较弱的品种, 光合速率下降较早受非气孔因素的限制; 采用隶属函数方法结果表明, 花椒的抗旱能力排序为: ‘狮子头’>‘无刺大红袍’>‘朝’>‘少刺大红’>‘大红袍’。因此, 在种植花椒的过程中可以根据当地水分供应情况选出适宜的栽培品种, 为花椒的种植推广提供理论依据。

关键词：花椒; 干旱胁迫; 光合特性; 隶属函数; 抗旱性评价

收稿：2020-09-04   修定：2020-11-12

资助：山东省农业科技资金(林业科技创新2019LY004); 山东省重点研发计划(林业科技创新) “优良乡土树种高效培育与示范” (2019LY001)子课题三: “花椒良种选育与高效栽培技术集成”(2019.08-2020.08)

Comparison of drought resistance characteristics of 5 different Zanthoxylum bungeanum varieties

WANG Lu¹, ZHANG Zhihao¹, GUO Jianyao², KONG Linggang³, LIU Shengyuan¹, LIU Shengyuan^1,4,*, WANG Huatian¹, MENG Shiyuan^1,5, WEI Ye¹

¹Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Silviculture of the Lower Yellow River, Shandong Taishan Forest Ecosystem National Positioning Observation Research Station, Taian 271018, Shandong, China; ²Shandong Forest Seedling and Flower Station, Jinan 250000, China; ³Extension Station of Forestry Technology in Jinan City, Jinan 250000, China; ⁴Shanghai Environment College, Shanghai 200135, China; ⁵Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Guangzhou 510405, China

Corresponding author: LIU Shengyuan; E-mail: xiaomi8869@163.com

Abstract:

In order to explore the drought resistance of different varieties of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, the
physiological characteristics of fve different cultivars were comprehensively evaluated, and the varieties with strong drought resistance were selected. This study provides a theoretical basis for the planting and promotion of Z. bungeanum. 3-year-old of Z. bungeanum were used to study the effects of drought stress on the above ground, root morphological characteristics, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic characteristics. The physiological characteristics were analyzed by factor analysis, and the drought resistance of different varieties of Z. bungeanum was evaluated by membership function method. The photosynthetic rate of relatively drought resistant varieties was mainly limited by stomatal factors in the early stage of drought stress and non-stomatal factors in the later stage of drought stress. For the varieties with relatively weak drought resistance, the photosynthetic rate was earlier limited by non-stomatal factors. The drought resistance was analysed by membership function method. The drought resistance of the fve varieties ranked from stronger to weaker were as follows, 'Shizitou'>'Wucidahongpao'>'Zhaocang'>'Shaocidahongpao'>'Dahongpao'. The suitable cultivars could be selected according to the local water supply in the plantation process of Z. bungeanum. From the mentioned results, we could conclude this study has the potential to provide a theoretical basis for the of Z. bungeanum cultivation.

Key words: Zanthoxylum bungeanum; drought stress; photosynthetic characteristics; membership function; drought resistance evaluation